Heating system for mammoth incubators



` Aug. 5.,'1925.

l H. L. WATSON- HEATING SYSTEM FOR Mmgo'rx rincusnons Filed Feb l l l ll l l l Wl TNESS TTOFNEYS Au'g". 5, 1924. Y' 1,5o3g569 H. L. WATSONHEATING SYSTEM Fon muauo'ra ucfsanon;

med Feb. 20, ,.1922 Smm-snm z IN VEN TOI? Patented Aug. 5, 1924.

essere Para AFinca.

HAROLD It WATSON. OE NEW BRUNSWICK, NEWJERSEY.

HEATING svs'fraivi roaiuAnMorH rNcU'BAToRs.

n' Application filled AFebruary 20, 1922. Serial No. 537,679.

To all whom t may comme?. Y

Be; itrknown that I, HAROLD L. WATSON, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Highland Park, New Brunswick, county of Middlesex,4State of New Jersey, have 'inf vented certain new and usefulImprovements in Heating Systems for Mammoth Incubators, of which thefollowing is a specification, reference beinghadf t`o the accompanyingdrawings. A i

My invention is more especially adaptable to that class of incubatorsgenerally known as mammoth incubators which embody a pluralityofv eggcontaining sections orv compartments arranged in superposed tiers oneabove the other. Incubators Iof this class generally embody' lheatradiating means extending through 'the several lcompartments in eachtier and connected with a suitable water heating unit through the mediumof which warm water is supplied thereto to heat the compartments. It isrequisite vforthe successful operation of such an incubator, that thedifferent compartments be maintained duringmost of the hatching periodkat substantially luniform temperatures, and i Y the incubator atsubstantially the same tem- Y perature as those in the upper tiers. Afurther object'of the invention is to so arrange the heating unit andthe circulating piping extending therefrom to the incubator that theheated water will pass from the unit to the several tiers in theincubator at different temperatures commensurate with the requirementsof each particular tier,y

thereby enabling the compartments in all of thetiers to be maintained at*a substantially uniform degree of heat. xA still further Vobject of myinvention is to provide a heating unitof novel'form and constructionparticularly adapted for use in connection with heating systems forincubators and embodying means whereby the piping may be 'readily ledtherefrom iii euch liriaiiiier that the heated water will be supplied todierent parts of the incubator at varying temperatures in accordancewith the respec- Vtive location thereof or supplied to a given v,pointat a suitable temperature.

My invention further includes all of the other various objects and novelfeatures of construction,` and arrangement hereinafter more particularlyspecified and described.'

In the accompanying drawing Fig.Y 1 is a sideelevation partially infragmentaryven tical section of a preferred embodiment ofthe-heating'unit;vFig. 2V is a centralrvertical section thereof on theline 2--2 in Fig. 1

Alooking in the direction of the arrows, and

Fig. 3 is a transverse horizontal section thereof on line 3--3in Fig. llooking in the direction of the arrows, while in Fig. 4C I haveillustrated a preferred manner of arranging the heating unit and pipingin connection with a mammoth incubator having three tiers ofcompartments, only a portion of the incubatoritself being shown. Likenumerals are used to indicate. similar parts in' the several figures. y

I 'have found that when employing a heater of ordinary desigii'inconnection with ra mammoth incubator comprising a plurality ofsuperposed tiers, the compartments vof the lowerinost tier havev atendency to become too coldand those of the uppermost -tier ,to becomeY"too, hot when the heating 'wateriissupplied at a temperature to keepthe center tier, assuming thveincubator to embody three tiers,v atsubstantially the desired temperature. This difficulty probably arisesfrom the fact that the lower tiers give oif' a certainamount of heatwhich rises and, impinging on the upper tier, tends to raise thetemperature of the latter, and, additionally, as incubators of thisclass are .ordinary placed in rooms oi' cellars having relatively lowceilings, the upper tier is therefore generally located in a Warmeratmosphere than the lower so that when the heating water isi suppliedtothe several tiers at the same temperature thereis a consider- Y abledierence between the temperature of the 4compartments in the lowertierand those in the upper.

I therefore prefer, inthe carrying out of my "invention, to employ aheater of the form best shown in Figs.V l to 3,' and which embodiesmeans for permitting the heating waterto be suppliedV from vthesame-heating unit ifo-'the several tiere a@ iiferelit tema ico"peratures. To this end my preferred form of heater comprises apreferably substantially circular base 1 having an ash door 2y carryinga draught regulating plate 3. Superimposed upon the base is the body 5which is substantially circular in horizontal section and closed at thetop. This body comprises inner and outer spaced walls-7 and 8 connectedat their lower' extremities, the space 9 between the walls forming awater heating reservoir and the space 10 within the wall 8 forming thecombustion chamber of the heater. Within the upper portion ofthe baseand beneath the combust'ion chamber are a plurality of suitable gratebars 12 preferably provided with inte-rin-eshing gear wheels 13 wherebythe bars be simultaneously agitated by partially rotating .the centerbar through the medium of a suitable crank in the ordinary manner. Aport 15 which forms a smoke flue is provided adjacent the upper rearside of the combustion chamber and an elbow klpreferably of lightermetal than the walls of the body is secured, as by bolts 17, in suchposition as to registerwith the port and provide a convenient point ofattachment for the smoke pipe 18 through which the productsoff-,combustion are discharged, a fuel door 1 9 provided with a .draughtregulating plate 2.0 being arranged adjacent the upper part of theheater on the ffront side thereof and communicatingwith a port extendingthrough the reservoir and through which fuel may be supplied to theupper part of the combustion chamber.

To afford a point of convenient attachment for certain of the pipes ofthe water circulating system, the outer wall 7 of the body of the heateris preferably formed at one side of the heater with a verticallyextending boss or extension having a flat face v26 as best shown in Fig,3 which is provided with a plurality lof vertically spaced, preferablypipe-threaded apertures 28, the uppermost of which is preferably nearthe top of the heater and the lowermost adjacent the bottom of thereservoir. Conveniently these apertures ymay be laterally staggered asshown in Fig. 1 or, if desired, may be arranged inthe same verticalline, and I preferably arrange the two lowerrnost apertures 28 in thesame horizontal plane lt will be understood that apertures 28, 28 entendentirely through the wall of the heater so that the water contained inYthe reservoir 9 may freely flow into any pipes threaded in theapertures.

For attaining certain of the objects of my invention, a heater of thecharacter just described may preferably be installed and connected witha mammoth incubator having a plurality, for example, three, tiersrofcompartments 'in the manner best shown in Fig. e and which will now bedescribed. It

taining a plurality of compartments and eX- tending through. each ofwhich are radiating pipes P, P, the heater being preferably placedadjacent one end of the incubator, and a pipe 34 extended from theuppermost of the apertures 28 to connect with the pipe P of therlower-most tier 31, the pipeP, through which the heating liquid returnsafter passing through the several compartments, being connected with one.of the *oper- -ings 28 through a return pipe 35. Similarly ,vthe pipe Pof the intermediatetier 32 of the incubator is connected by a pipe 3awith one of the'apertures ,'28 about midway be tween the top and bottomof theheater and .the return pipe P of that tier connected by a pipewith another aperture 28 adjacent the base of the water reservoir, whilethe pipe P of the uppermost tier 33 is connected by pipe 3 with anaperture in the face 26 relatively near the bottom thereof and the pipeP of the upper tier through return pipe Y35r `with an -aperture 28adjacent the bottom of a reservoir, this latter aperture for conveniencemerely being shown at the back of the heater instead of adjacent theapertures 28.

As incubators are frequently built with more than three tiers ofcompartments, I preferably provide the face 26 with several moreapertures than those required to effect the connections just described,so that if a greater number of tiers are used .these additionalapertures may be employed for the necessary piping. Of course if theyare not utilized these additional apertures will be closedwith suitableplugs 38 as shown.

It will thus be observed that in the preferred lform of installation theheating water as indicated by the arrows flows to the lowermost tier ofcompartments from a `point adjacent the upper part of the waterreservoir where the water is naturally the hottest and having given upits heat is returned to a point adjacent the bottom of the reservoir;Ythat the water flows to the intermediate tier from a point about midwaybetween the points where the rwater is hottest and coldest within thereservoir and is. thus supplied to that tier at a little lowertemperature than to the bottom tier, and that in a lilre manner thewater supplied to the uppermost tier is taken from. a point in thereservoir where it is of still lower tempera* ture, the returns from allof the tiers being to the lower or coldest part of the reservoir. Under'these conditions a substantially uniform Vtemperature may be readilymaintained in the several tiers, since the hottest water is supplied tothe tier normally the coldest and the coldest water to the tier which isnormally the hottest, so that a very even and 4uniform temperature maybe maintained in the diiierent compartments in the several tiers, thusobvia-ting constant opening or closing of the dampers or other heatcontrolling devices with which incubators of this class are ordinarilysupplied and also resulting in a material saving of fuel over thatconsumed in the ordinary heating sysn tem in which it is necessary tomaintain the water sufficiently hot to supply the requisite heat to thelowermost tier and to permit heat to escape from the upper tier to avoidoverheating.

It has been found in practice that in order to satisfactorily maintain aire for considerable periods of time in a water heater of the typeordinarily utilized for sup-plying hot water to incubatore and the like,it is necessary to avoid undue restriction of the size of the lire pot,or, in other words, 1t 1s requisite to have the fire pot of sutiicientsize to contain a relatively considerable body of burning' fuel, whichof course results in the giving off of a considerable amount of heat,with corresponding rise in temperature in the water in the heatingreservoir, even with the ire reduced to the minimum at which it willremain alight. In consequence, when the water is conducted from theupper part of the water reservoir to a small incubator, such as one ofthe single deck type, the temperature of the incubator is raised beyondthe desired point, it being practically impossible o-n account of thesize of the fire pot to supply the watereat a sufficiently reducedtemperature to produce the proper heating effect. An advantage of myimprovedform of heater, however, resides in the fact that under suoliconditions the water may be readily led to the incubator from a pointadjacent the lower part lof the heating chamber instead of from theupper part thereof and thus introduced to the incubator at a lowertemperature than is ordinarilypossible with the forms of coal heatershitherto in use, thus avoiding overhea-ting of the incubator andassisting in maintaining a constant predetermined temperature therein.

While I have shown and described my invention in connection with amammoth incubator having three tiers of hatching compartments it will beunderstood that it is equally applicable to incubatore having a greateror lesser number of tiers, the piping in each case being so arrangedthat the water will be caused to flow from substantially the point inthe heating reservoir `where' it is hottest to that tie-r of compart`ments which is normally the Vcoolest and from a point in the heatingreservoir where it is relatively cooler to that tier of compartmentswhich is normally the warmest and to intermediate `compartments frompoints in the waterreservoir between these two eX- tremes, the returnfrom all of the tiers being preferably brought to the same, onsubstantially the same, level adjacent the lowest point of the heatingjacket, and I therefore do not desire yor intend to limit myself to theinstallation of the invention in connec- -tion with an incubator of anyparticular form or design or having any specic number of tiers orcompartments or of compartments in a tier. Furthermore, while I havedescribed with considerable particularity a preferred form of heater itwill be understood that changes may be made in the details ofconstruction and arrangement of the parts thereof without departing fromthe spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to protect byLetters Patent of the United States: v

l. A heating system for a mammoth incu bator having a plurality of tiersof hatching compartments each tier having heat radiating means,comprising a heating unit for supplying hot water and piping eXtendingfrom the unit to the radiating Vmeans in each tier, said piping being soarranged as tovconvey the hottest water from the heating unit to thetier which is normally the coolest and relatively cooler water to thetier which is normally the hottest.

2. A heating system for a mammoth incubator having superposed tiers ofhatching compartments each tier having independent heat radiating meanstherein, comprising a heating unit for supplying hot water and pipingextending from said unit to each of said radiating means, said pipingbeing so arranged as to convey the heating water from a point in saidunit where it is normally the hottest to the radiating means in thattier which is normally .the coolest and to convey relatively coolerwater from'said unit to the radiating means in that tier which isnormally t-he warmest.

3. A heating system for a mammoth incubator having superposed tiers ofhatching compartments, comprising a heater for supi plying heated waterand piping extending from said heater to each tier of compartments andarranged so as to convey water` jacket to the radiating means 'of 'thelowermost tier, a pipe extending rom'a relatively lower point in saidjacket to the radiatinscg means in the uppermost of said tiers andreturn pipes extending from each of said radiating means to a pointadjacent the bot tom of said jacket.

5. The combination 'with a mammoth incubator having superposed tiers ofhatching` compartments and heat radiating means in each tier, of a waterheater having a water jacket surrounding a combustion chamber, a pipeextending from the upper 'part of said jacket to the radiating means inthat tier of 'compartments which is normally th coolest, a pipeextending from a relatively lower point in said jacket to the radiatingmeans in that tier of compartments which is normally the warmest andreturn pipes extending from each of said means to a point adjacent thebottom of said jacket, whereby the hottest water will flow from saidjacket through said rst vmentioned pipe and relatively cooler waterthrough said second mentioned pipe.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my 'hand this 16th day ofFebruary, 1922.

HAROLD L. VATSON.

